Journal: Vaccines

Article Title: Elevated NETs and Calprotectin Levels after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccination Correlate with the Severity of Side Effects

doi: 10.3390/vaccines10081267

Figure Lengend Snippet: Syndecan-1 levels. Syndecan-1 levels were examined in the same samples as in by use of a commercial ELISA kit. p < 0.0001 for one way ANOVA, and for pairwise comparisons: * p = 0.023 and ** p < 0.005. ns (not significant).

Article Snippet: Serum levels of syndecan-1 were determined using a commercial ELISA kit detecting human syndecan-1 (Diaclone, 950.640.192, Besançon, France).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Heparan sulfate proteoglycans present PCSK9 to the LDL receptor

doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00568-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Enzymatic removal of liver heparan sulfate releases PCSK9 and ablates its activity. a , b Infusion of heparinase I prior to the injection of PCSK9 (10 µg) completely inhibits PCSK9-induced degradation of LDLR. Western blot of representative samples is shown in a and quantification of LDLR in b (control n = 7, PCSK9 n = 6, heparinase n = 5, heparinase/PCSK9 n = 5). Heparinase treatment unmasks the antigenicity of the major liver HSPG syndecan-1 ( middle panel ). Beta-actin is used as loading control ( lower panel ). c Heparinase I treatment leads to an increase in plasma PCSK9 as measured by ELISA 15 min after injection (control n = 6, heparinase n = 6). d Western blot (representative samples) of liver syndecan-1 is used as control of heparinase injection. Beta-actin is shown as loading control. e – h Transgenic mice with constitutive expression of human heparanase ( Hpa -tg) ( n = 7) have increased plasma PCSK9 ( e ), increased liver LDLR ( f , g ), and reduced plasma cholesterol ( h ) compared to control WT mice ( n = 6). Bar graphs show mean with s.e.m. error bars. Statistical significance was evaluated using a two-tailed Student’s t -test. Supplementary Fig. shows uncropped gel images

Article Snippet: The following antibodies were used for Western blotting: anti-LDLR (Abcam ab52818, 1:1000), anti-GAPDH (Sigma Aldrich G8795, 1:2000), anti-beta actin (Sigma A5441, 1:5000), anti-PCSK9 (R&D Systems AF3985, 1:1000), anti-syndecan-1 (R&D AF3190, 1:1000), and immunostainings: anti-PCSK9 (R&D Systems AF3888, 2 µg/ml), and fluorescent secondary antibodies (Invitrogen).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Injection, Western Blot, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Transgenic Assay, Expressing, Two Tailed Test